What is the strict scrutiny test used for?

The strict scrutiny test is applied in cases where a law or government action makes a distinction based on suspect classifications, such as race or ethnicity. This legal standard is the highest level of scrutiny used by courts to evaluate the constitutionality of such laws. Under this test, the government must demonstrate that the law serves a compelling governmental interest and that the means chosen are narrowly tailored to achieve that interest. This rigorous examination is necessary because laws that discriminate against historically marginalized groups can infringe upon fundamental rights.

In contrast, other options address different contexts that do not require the same level of scrutiny. For instance, laws related to economic discrimination or voting rights do not necessarily involve suspect classifications that trigger strict scrutiny. Additionally, guidelines for time limits on legal claims typically involve rational basis scrutiny, which is less demanding than strict scrutiny.